Essay on The Scientific Mystery of Dreams - 853 Words

Since the beginning of time, people have been trying to understand the different functions of the human body, how we move, talk, act, and for the most part many of these physiological behaviors have been explained on some level. However, one area of the human body that has had researchers and scientist confused for a long time is the mind. Many things go on inside the mind that don’t make sense and so far have no tangible explanation of why it occurs and how. One of the most fascinating and mysterious sections of psychology is that of dreaming. We dream thousands of dreams every night, but why and what do they mean? We spend one third of our lives sleeping and 15-20% of that time is spent dreaming. (1) Dreams are a sequence of images†¦show more content†¦This is a strange phenomenon that naturally happens to everyone, it’s just that some remember better than others. (4) The next two types of dreams are more known Dream interpretation has been around for a long time. There are many theories on why people dream. In ancient times dreams were believed to be direct messages from the gods or from the dead. During the Greek and Roman Era, people believed dreams forewarned and predicted the future so they would look into their dreams to choose a course of action to take, or figure out solutions. (3) Their belief of dreams was so influential that they would take dream interpreters to battles so they could help military leaders and generals plan strategic attacks. (3) In ancient Egypt dreams would hold a religious content and many were recorded in hieroglyphics. In the Chinese culture the use of alarm clocks is still viewed as leery. They believe that when one is asleep and dreaming one’s soul leaves the body and if one is awaken suddenly while dreaming their soul may not be able to find its way back to the body. (3) Some Mexican and Ancient cultures believe that their deceased ancestors lived in their dreams in different forms like plants and animals, so they viewed their dreams as way to communicate with their recent and ancient ancestors, to gather wisdom and knowledge that would serve them in their waking lives. (3) When we fall asleep our mind takes over and we enter the world of dreams but when exactlyShow MoreRelatedFrankenstein And Science : What Is The Purpose Of Science?1676 Words   |  7 Pagesof science that negated the need for mystery in nature. This fact downplayed the necessity of faith and reliance on God and emphasized the importance of logical, empirical evidence for the belief of anything and everything. Science becomes the ultimate vision of reality that Romantic writers oftentimes critique. 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Review of Literature - 663 Words

Health promotion is defined by Edelman as the â€Å"Intervention designed to improve health, such as providing adequate nutrition, a healthy environment, and ongoing health education†. Health promotion programs create behavioral changes that can lead to healthy behaviors by creating a positive and pleasant atmosphere (Camann). They also lower the overall healthcare costs by preventing the incidence of diseases, hospital stays as well as complications (Potter). Currently 20% of the population suffers from a chronic or acute illness, these people account for 80% of our health care costs (Potter). With an added emphasis on early health promotion at the primary care level we can lower these rates to less than 20%. With health promotion at the†¦show more content†¦These observations show where the greatest amount of health promotion is needed, as well as what aspects the patient will be compliant with. Nursing responsibilities are ever evolving and will continue to do so as more issues begin to develop and become discovered to treat and prevent. While nurse practitioners are meant to provide health promotion, health protection, disease prevention, anticipatory guidance, counseling, palliative and end of life care (Thomas). According to J. Thomas, health promotions are not always accomplished by Nurse Practitioners in the primary care setting. This can be due to the time consumption and impracticality of the situations. Research has found that only 60% of the time nurse practitioners are bringing up preventative services (Thomas). Nurse practitioners have a great capacity to perform health promotion as they are there to treat, educate, and prevent illnesses from occurring. The use of health promotion is the same throughout all levels of care but the implementation differs through the different levels. For instance, in primary care health promotion is given to prevent illnesses from occurring or to care for a patient. Secondary health care implements health promotion by giving information, running tests/procedures to treat an illness whereas tertiary care’s health promotion is given to help maintain or bring one’s health status to the most optimal level possible. Within the three levels of health care, the prevention methods doShow MoreRelatedReview Of Literature Review On Literature Essay2370 Words   |  10 PagesChapter - 4. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Literature survey is undertaken to study and analyze the finding of other researcher in their studies that are related to the subject under consideration. A research literature review, as a process, is a systematic, explicit, and reproducible method for identifying, evaluating and synthesizing the existing body of completed and recorded work produced by researchers, scholars and practitioners (Fink, 2010). 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Essay of Kafkas The Trial Example For Students

Essay of Kafkas The Trial Imagine being so preoccupied with something that it slowly starts to take over ones daily routine. Now imagine that preoccupation becoming an infatuation, which then becomes an obsession. This series of events can lead any person to a mental lapse like K. , the protagonist in Kafkas The Trial. In The Trial, K. is forced to deal with a pending arrest throughout the entire novel. K. is now overwhelmed with a myriad of issues such as the infringement of human rights, the corruption of the court, and eventually his psychological collapse. In the beginning of K. s journey, the motif of violation of human rights becomes apparent through K. s loss of rights, as well as the warders. K. loses his right to be an individual and conforms into the courts desired vision of him. He also endures the added pressure of contemplating whether or not the court is fraudulent. Eventually, the courts need for him to conform leads to his obsession with his upcoming trial. Ultimately it becomes too much for K. to handle, and the result is his defeat. Throughout the beginning of the novel, the reader becomes overwhelmed with the fact that K. is preoccupied with what he is getting charged for. In this day and age the Miranda Rights force the arresting officers to declare what the suspect is being arrested for. However in The Trial, K. , the reader, and even the warders do not know what the accusation is. This is apparent when the warders conduct the original arrest by stating, We are not authorized to tell you that. Go to your room and wait there. Proceedings have been instituted against you and you will be informed of everything in due course (Kafka 3). K. s human rights are violated in this situation because the warders intrude in his personal property, as well as his abode. This proves to be a violation of privacy as well as an intrusion of space. K. addresses this in his court hearing: Some ten days ago I was arrested, in a manner that seems ridiculous even to myself, though that is immaterial at the moment. I was seized in bed before I could get up The room next to mine was requisitioned by two coarse warders These warders, moreover, were degenerate ruffians, they deafened my ears with their gabble, they tried to induce me to bribe them, they attempted to get my clothes and underclothes from me under dishonest pretexts, they asked me to give them money ostensibly to bring me some breakfast after they had brazenly eaten my own breakfast under my eyes. (Kafka 43) In the courtroom, K. wants to relive, and amplify the way the warders treated him. He strives to bring attention to the fallacies of how he was treated; however little does he know that these statements will backfire on him later. In The Trial, K. is not the only character to get mistreated, because the warders do also. This brings up the central irony of the plot. Because of K. s statements, the warders encounter The Whipper, who in turn violates their rights. He violates their rights because he commits physical assault and battery for a punishment. This occurs because of K. s statements in the court hearing. This is evident when one day at work K. curiously opens the lumbar room because he heard noises, only to find The Whipper and the two warders. One of the men, who was clearly in authority over the other two and took the eye first, was sheathed in a sort of dark leather garment holding a rod in his hand with which to beat them (Kafka 84). K. indirectly causes the pain and torture of two warders from his statements in the courtroom. Christopher's Trip to the Dentist EssayThis also reiterates the irony between the warders and K. because once again he is trying to be the savior for a situation in which he created. Furthermore, K. is now beginning to devote his whole time at work to the defense of his case. He had given his clerk instructions to admit no one, on the plea that he was occupied with an important piece of work The thought of his case never left him now (Kafka 113). On top of the ever-lingering thoughts of his case in general, he is now taking responsibility to formulate a defense. This is usually a task for a lawyer to do, however K. feels it necessary for him to take it upon himself: In this defense he would give a short account of his life, and when he came to an event of any importance explain for what reasons he had acted as he did, intimate whether he approved or condemned his way of action in any retrospect, and adduce grounds for the condemnation or approval. (Kafka 113) In the above quotation, K. is attempting to find a reason for him to be arrested by closely analyzing a series of events in his life. By K. doing this, he is starting to realize that he is giving up the fight. He is letting the trial consume his life, as well as his everyday routine. There is no escape from his prison now. He recognizes this when: Two men came to his lodging. In frock coats, pallid and plump with top hats that were apparently irremovable Without having been informed of their visit, K. was sitting also dressed in black in an armchair near the door, slowly pulling on a pair of new gloves that fitted tightly over the fingers, looking as if he were expecting guests. (Kafka 223) This quotation sums up K. s emotional downfall through the overwhelming symbolism. For example, K. dressing in black symbolizes the end of both the lingering trial as well as acknowledging his death. Also, it is bizarre that K. does not expect visitors, yet waits so intently near the door, putting on his new gloves before he knows he is going outside. This represents the overwhelming presence of his case because K. is assuming the outcome of the situation. This confirms that K. has become wholeheartedly obsessed with his trial because he is devoting a year to not die for it. Kafka takes the readers, as well as K. , on an absolute whirlwind throughout the novel. K. s downfall is expressed by showing the three separate stages of his preoccupation, his infatuation, as well as his obsession with his arrest. This is shown throughout the year through a series of events such as the mistreatment of human beings, the corruptness and disorganized court, as well as K. s need to have complete and utter control over his case. There were plenty of questions left unanswered throughout The Trial, however the only one that was answered was the fate of K.

Tesco Case Study with Questions Essay Example

Tesco Case Study with Questions Essay Tesco, well known as Britain’s leading food retail group with a presence also in Europe and Asia has also been a pioneer online. As this Tesco. com case study shows, retailer Tesco is generally recognized as the worlds largest online grocer and it has an annual turnover of ? 1 billion online in the UK and has launched in other countries, internationally and is diversifying into non-food categories. http://www. tescocorporate. com/plc/ In 2006/7, Tesco. com sales were reported to be sales up 29. %, profit (pre-Direct start-up costs) up 48. 5%; †¢More details on online sales and non-food sales details are also provided in the main www. tescoplc. com/plc/ Today the tesco. com model operates in the UK, the Republic of Ireland and South Korea. Online grocery sales have exceeded ? 1 billion for the first time in the UK alone. We have an active customer base of 850,000 and more than 250,000 orders are now being completed each week. In the UK, nearly 1,860 vans operate out of 294 stores. In our Newcastle store our service is so popular that there are now 18 vans delivering to local customers. Drivers deliver between 9am and 11pm, and our staff start picking our customers’ orders from 6am. A record-breaking 1. 3 million shoppers chose tesco. com to deliver their presents and groceries over Christmas, and to make sure that these were all picked successfully, our staff started picking even earlier, at 4am. Tesco. com have around 9,000 pickers, the majority in existing stores, but one specific delivery store has been opened in Croydon. ttp://www. theregister. co. uk/2006/01/17/tesco_mobile_xmas/ 1. Sales at Tesco. com, the UK market leader in home shopping, rose by 32% year-on-year, but they still only represent over 3% of its UK sales of ? 32. 7bn! Tesco said it had 750,000 regular customers and 200,000 orders a week online giving a total turnover approaching ? 1 billion Update Tesco Direct launched Read http://www. internetretailer. com/2006/10/06/u-k-s-tesco-l aunches-tesco-direct-for-non-food-online-sales In 2006, Tesco launched Tesco Direct to rival catalogue retailers such as Argos. We will write a custom essay sample on Tesco Case Study with Questions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tesco Case Study with Questions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tesco Case Study with Questions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Over 8,000 products will be available from beds and sofas through to kitchenware, electricals, cameras, bikes and golf clubs giving customers more products at great Tesco prices than they have ever had access to before. Customers can choose the product they want on a new website or from a new catalogue and then order in one of three ways: †¢On-line via the tesco. com website †¢By phone †¢In selected stores at the new Tesco Direct desks In the press release for this update it was reported that Tesco. com now has ? million regular grocery shoppers with over 200,000 orders per week and achieved over ? 1 billion in sales in 2005. Tesco Product ranges The Tesco. com site acts as a portal to most of Tescos products, including various non-food ranges (for example, Books, DVDs and Electrical items under the ‘Extra’ banner), Tesco Personal Finance and the telecoms businesses, as well as services offered in partnership with specialist companies, such as dieting clubs, flights and holidays, music downloads, gas, electricity and DVD rentals. It does not currently sell clothing online but in May 2005 it introduced a clothing website (www. clothingattesco. com), initially at to showcase Tescos clothing brands and link customers to their nearest store with this range. Tesco Competitors Tesco currently leads the UK’s other leading grocery retailers in terms of market share. This pattern is repeated online. The compilation below is from Hitwise (2005) and the figures in brackets show market share for traditional offline retail formats from the Taylor Nelson Softres Super Panel (see http://superpanel. tns-global. com). 1. Tesco Superstore, 27. 28% (29% of retail trade) 2. ASDA, 13. 36% 3. ASDA @t Home, 10. 13% (17. 1%) 4. Sainsburys, 8. 42% 5. Tesco Wine Warehouse, 8. 19% 6. Sainsburys to You, 5. 86% (15. 9%) 7. Waitrose. com, 3. 42% (3. 6%) 8. Ocado, 3. 2% (owned by Waitrose, 3. 6%) 9. Lidl, 2. 49% (1. 8%) 10. ALDI – UK, 2. 10% (2. 3%) †¢http://www. tesco. com/talkingtesco/oldDefault. asp Some companies are repeated since both their main site and the online shopping site are reported on separately. Asda. com now seems to be performing in a consistent manner online to its offline presence. However, Sainsburys online performance see ms to be significantly lower compared to its offline performance. Some providers such as Ocado which originally just operated within the London area have a strong local performance. Notably, some of Tesco. om competitors are absent from the Hitwise listing since their strategy has been to focus on retail formats. These are Morrisons (12. 5% retail share, Somerfield (5. 5%) and Co-op (5. 0%). Promotion of Tesco services As with other online retailers, Tesco. com relies on in-store advertising and marketing to the supermarkets Clubcard loyalty schemes customer base to persuade customers to shop online. NMA (2005) quotes Nigel Dodd, marketing director at Tesco. com as saying: ‘These are invaluable sources as we have such a strong customer base’. However, for non-food goods the supermarket does advertise online using keyword targeted ads. For existing customers, email marketing and direct mail marketing to provide special offers and promotions to customers is important. According to Humby (2003), e-retailer Tesco. com use what he describes as a ‘commitment-based segmentation’ or ‘loyalty ladder’ which is based on recency of purchase, frequency of purchase and value which is used to identify 6 lifecycle categories which are then further divided to target communications: †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Logged-on† †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Cautionary† †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Developing† †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Established† †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Dedicated† †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Logged-off† (the aim here is to winback) Tesco then use automated event-triggered messaging can be created to ncourage continued purchase. For example, Tesco. com have a touch strategy which includes a sequence of follow-up communications triggered after different events in the customer lifecycle. In the example given below, communications after event 1 are intended to achieve the objective of converting a web site visitor to action; communications after event 2 are intended to move the customer from a first time purchaser to a regular purchaser and for event 3 to reactivate lapsed purchasers. †¢Trigger event 1: Customer first registers on site (but does not buy). Auto-response (AR) 1: 2 days after registration e-mail sent offering phone assistance and ? 5 discount off first purchase to encourage trial. Trigger event 2: Customer first purchases online. †¢AR1: Immediate order confirmation †¢AR2: 5 days after purchase e-mail sent with link to online customer satisfaction survey asking about quality of service from driver and picker (e. g. item quality and substitutions). †¢AR3: Two-weeks after first purchase Direct mail offering tips on how to use service and ? 5 discount on next purchases intended to encourage re-use of online services. AR4: Generic monthly e-newsletter with online exclusive offers encouraging cross-selling †¢AR5: Bi-weekly alert with personalised offers for customer. †¢AR6: After 2 months ? 5 discount for next shop †¢AR7: Quarterly mailing of coupons encouraging repeat sales and cross-sales Trigger event 3: Customer does not purchase for an extended period †¢AR1: Dormancy detected – Reactivation e-mail with survey of how the customer is finding the service (to identify any problems) and a ? 5 incentive. †¢AR2: A further discount incentive is used in order to encourage continued usage to shop after the first shop after a break. Tesco’s online product strategy NMA (2005) ran a profile of Laura Wade-Gery CEO of Tesco. com since January 2004 which provides an interesting insight into how the business has run. In her first year, total sales were increased 24% to ? 719 million. Laura, is 40 years old, a keen athlete and has followed a varied career developing from a MA in History at Magdalen College, Oxford, an MBA from Insead; Manager and partner in Kleinwort Benson; Manager and senior consultant, Gemini Consulting; Targeted marketing director (Tesco Clubcard), and Group strategy irector, Tesco Stores. The growth overseen by Wade-Gery has been achieved through a combination of initiatives. Product range development is one key area. In early 2005, Tesco. com fulfilled 150,000 grocery orders a week but now also offers more intangible offerings, such as e-diets and music downloads. She has also focused on improving the customer experience online – the time it takes for a new customer to complete thei r first order has been decreased from over an hour to 35 minutes through usability work culminating in a major site revision. To support the business has it diversifies into new areas, Wade-Gery’s strategy was ‘to make home delivery part of the DNA of Tesco’ according to NMA (2005). She continues: ‘What we offer is delivery to your home of a Tesco service – its an obvious extension of the home-delivered groceries concept. ’ My May 2005, Tesco. com had 30,000 customers signed up for DVD rental, through partner Video Island (who run the rival Screenselect service). Over the next year, her target is to treble this total, while also extending home-delivery services to the likes of bulk wine and white goods. Wade-Gery looks to achieve synergy between the range of services offered. For example, its partnership with eDiets can be promoted through the Tesco Clubcard loyalty scheme, with mailings to 10m customers a year. In July 2004, Tesco. com Limited paid ? 2 million for the exclusive licence to eDiets. com in the UK and Ireland under the URLs www. eDietsUK. com and www. eDiets. ie. Through promoting these services through these URLs, Tesco can use the dieting business to grow use of the Tesco. com service and in-store sales. To help keep focus on home retail-delivery, Wade-Gery sold women’s portal iVillage (www. ivillage. co. uk) back to its US owners for an undisclosed sum in March 2004. She explained to NMA: ‘Its a very different sort of product to the other services that were embarking on. In my mind, we stand for providing services and products that you buy, which is slightly different to the world of providing information. ’ The implication is that there was insufficient revenue from ad sales on iVillage and insufficient opportunities to promote Tesco. om sales. However, iVillage was a useful learning experience in that there are some parallels with iVillage, such as message boards and community advisors. Wade-Gery is also director of Tesco Mobile, the joint ‘Pay-As-You-Go’ venture with O2 which is mainly serviced online, although promoted in-store and via direct mail. Tesco also offer broadband and dialup ISP services, but believe the market for Internet telephony ( provided through Skype and Vonage for example) is not sufficiently developed. Tesco. om have concentrated on more traditional services which have the demand, for example, Tesco Telecom fixed-line services attracted over a million customers in its first year. However, this is not to say, that Tesco. com will not invest in relatively new services. In November 2004, Tescos introduced a music download service and just six months later, she estimates they have around 10% market share – one of the benefits of launching relatively early. Again, there is synergy, this time with hardware sales. NMA (2005) reported that as MP3 players were unwrapped, sales went up – even on Christmas Day! She says: ‘The exciting thing about digital is where can you take it in the future. As the technology grows, well be able to turn Tesco. com into a digital download store of all sorts, rather than just music. Clearly, film [through video on demand] would be next. ’ But it has to be based firmly on analysis of customer demand. She says : ‘The number one thing for us is whether the product is something that customers are saying they want, has it reached a point where mass-market customers are interested? ’ There also has to be scope for simplification. NMA (2005) notes that Tesco is built on a core premise of convenience and value and Wade-Gery believes what its already done with mobile tariffs, broadband packages and music downloads are good examples of the retailers knack for streamlining propositions. She says: ‘Weve actually managed to get people joining broadband who have never even had a dial-up service’ Tesco case study sources: Humby (2003), NMA (2005), Hitwise (2005), Wikipedia (2005) Humby, C. and Hunt, T. (2003) Scoring points. How Tesco is Winning Customer Loyalty. Kogan Page, London, UK. Hitwise (2005) Press release: The top UK Grocery and Alcohol websites week ending October 1st, ranked by market share of web site visits, from Hitwise. co. uk. Press release available at www. hitwise. co. uk. Discussion Questions 1. Describe the major E-Commerce characteristics used by Tesco. 2. What are the advantages for Tesco becoming an E-Commerce organisation? 3. In what ways has Tesco managed to gain competitive advantage over it’s other stores? 4. How has E-Commerce facilitated customisation of products and services? . What competitive strategy has Tesco used and how successful is it? 6. After reading the case study list the success factors for Tesco. What might the threats be? Carry out a SWOT Analysis. 7. Why might customers like Web Based Purchasing? Is it becoming more of an option due to lower prices? 8. What promotion policies does Tesco implement? Are they successful? 9. What product strategy has Tesco implemented? 10. Is Tesco’s p roduct strategy successful give reasons for your answers? Please be ready to discuss the answers with your tutor.

Examining Hamas And Its History Religion Essays

Examining Hamas And Its History Religion Essays Examining Hamas And Its History Religion Essay Examining Hamas And Its History Religion Essay With the events of September 11, sorting and understanding the menaces that different organisations or groups station to the United States of America and its Alliess is really of import. One such group is Hamas. To better understand Hamas we must take a closer expression at it history, strength, locations, and associations. In making so we will be able to forestall onslaughts and prevent any support from our state to come in in the manus of Hamas and it protagonists. We will besides be able to decrease the menace that America and its Alliess face. It would besides salvage many lives on the conflict field if we are able to cut off the support and that will forestall Hamas from being able to be after onslaughts that will take the lives of civilians every bit good as soldiers. Hamas or Harakat al-MuqA?wama al-IslA?miyya or Muslim Resistance Movement is an organisation with a socio-political wing and a paramilitary force. The acronym Hamas foremost appeared in 1987 in a cusp that accused the Israeli intelligence services of sabotaging the moral fibre of Palestinian young person as portion of Mossad s enlisting of what Hamas termed confederates . hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Hamas The word Hamas corresponds to an Arabic word, intending enthusiasm, fire, ardour, ardor, ardor and fanatism. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.babnet.net/en_detail-1876.asp Hamas was founded in 1987 by Sheikh Ahmed Yassin as a response to Egypt s Muslim Brotherhood, supported by Brotherhood-affiliated charities and societal establishments that had gained a strong bridgehead in the occupied districts. The Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, Hamas s military subdivision, was created in 1992. While the Brigades are an of import portion of Hamas, they operate independently and sometimes contrary to Hamas s policy. It was during the 1990s and 2000s that the organisation conducted legion suicide bombardments and other onslaughts directed against civilians, including the 2002 Passover self-destruction bombardment. While these onslaughts were against the Oslo agreements which were signed by Yasir Arafat, Yasir Arafat still approved these onslaughts and refused to demilitarize Hamas. This act leads to Palestinian Authority following suit and non making anything to halt the Hamas pattern of aiming and killing guiltless civilians. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wiki pedia.org/wiki/Hamas Sheikh Ahmed Ismail Hassan Yassin the laminitis of Hamas and the religious leader of the organisation was born in al-jura a little small town near the metropolis of Ashkelon. Yassin and his full household fled to Gaza, settling in al-Shati Camp after his small town was captured by the Israel Defence Forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin Ahmed Ismail Hassan Yassin came to Gaza as a refugee. At the age of 12 Yassin was injured while wrestling his friend Abdullah al-Khatib. Yassin cervix was kept in plaster for 45 yearss and when it was removed, it was clear that Yassin would populate the remainder of his life as a quadriplegic. Yassin damaged his spinal cord go forthing him in terrible palsy to much of his organic structure, go forthing him incapable of walking or even keeping objects. Yassin believing this would do a rift between his household and al-Khatib s, Yassin told his household that he was injured while playing leapfrog during a athleticss lesson with his school friends on the beach. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin Yassin applied and attended al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt, but he was unable to prosecute his surveies at that place due to his deteriorating wellness. He was forced to be educated at place where he read widely, peculiarly on philosophical affairs and on faith, political relations, sociology, and economic sciences. His followings believe that his worldly cognition made him one of the best talkers in the Gaza Strip. During this clip, he began presenting hebdomadal discourses after Friday supplications, pulling big crowds of people. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin After old ages of unemployment, he got a station as an Arabic linguistic communication instructor at an simple school in Rimal, Gaza. His learning methods reportedly caused assorted reactions among parents because he encouraged his pupils to go to the mosque an extra two times a hebdomad. Yassin occupation gave him stableness and he married one of his relations, Halima Yassin, in 1960 at the age of 22. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin During the Israel-Palestinian struggle Yassin became involved with a Palestinian subdivision of the Muslim Brotherhood. In 1984, he and others were jailed for in secret carrying arms, but in 1985 he was released as portion of the Jibril Agreement. The Jibril understanding was a captive exchange understanding that took topographic point on may 21 1985 between the Israeli authorities, headed by Shimon Peres, and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine General Command. It is during this exchange that Israel released 1,150 captives in exchange for three Israeli captives. In 1987, during the First Intifada, Yassin co-founded Hamas with Abdel Aziz al-Rantissi, originally naming it the Palestinian Wing of the Muslim Brotherhood, and became its religious leader. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin The First Intifada was a Palestinian rebellion against Israeli business in the Palestinian Territories. The uprising began in the Jabalia refugee cantonment and rapidly distribute throughout Gaza, the West Bank and East Jerusalem. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Intifada. The Palestinian actions included nonviolent civil noncompliance and opposition motion in add-on to violent actions. In add-on to general work stoppages there was a boycott on Israeli merchandises, and a refusal to pay revenue enhancements. The young person demonstrators threw rock at the Israel Defense Forces. The force was directed at both Israeli soldiers and civilians. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Intifada Yassin opposed the peace procedure between the Palestinians and the Israelis. He supported armed opposition against Israel, and was really vocal in his positions. He asserted that Palestine is an Islamic land consecrated for future Muslim coevalss until Judgment Day and that no Arab leader had the right to give up any portion of this district. On one juncture, he opined that Israel must vanish from the map . Yassin s declaration that We chose this route, and will stop with martyrdom or triumph hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin subsequently became an oft repeated mantra among Palestinians. In 1989, Yassin was arrested by the Israelis and sentenced to life imprisonment. In 1997 Yassin was released from Israeli prison as portion of an agreement with Jordan. Yassin was released by Israel on the status that he refrains from go oning to name for suicide bombardments against Israel. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin After his release, Yassin resumed his leading of Hamas. He rapidly resumed his calls for onslaughts on Israel ; his tactics included suicide bombardments, which violated the status of his release. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin The Hamas leader Ahmed Yassin was killed in an Israeli onslaught on March 22, 2004. He was killed while he was being wheeled out of an early forenoon supplication session, an Israeli AH-64 Apache chopper gunship fired Hellfire missiles at Yassin and both of his escorts. They were killed immediately, along with nine bystanders. Another 12 people were injured in the onslaught, including two of Yassin s boies. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin Knowing the history of Hamas will give a better apprehension of the ends and why so many people would back up and fall in Hamas. The end of Hamas is to set uping an Islamic Palestinian province in topographic point of Israel. Hamas combines Palestinian patriotism with Islamic fundamentalism. Hamas charter commits the group to the devastation of Israel and the replacing of the PA with an Islamist province on the West Bank and Gaza. Hamas besides believes in raising the streamer of Allah over every inch of Palestine. We can see from the start of Hamas that they will make whatever it takes to accomplish that end. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cfr.org/publication/8968/hamas.html The strength of Hamas is concentrated in the Gaza Strip and other country of the West Bank. Other countries of Hamas strength can be seen in what they believe in. To make this we must take a expression at Hamas establishing papers. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/rpt/fto/2801.htm The Hamas charter was issued on August 18, 1988. The full name of the charter is The Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement. The compact contains 36 articles that define the ideology footing of the organisation and its relationship to the PLO and more on it ends. Bellows are merely some particular from the compact. Article 1 describes the Movement s plan as Islam . Article 2 of Hamas Charter defines Hamas as a cosmopolitan motion and one of the subdivisions of the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine . Article 3 the Movement consists of Moslems who have given their commitment to Allah . Article 5 Demonstrates it Salifist roots and connexions to the Muslim brotherhood. Article 6 Hamas is unambiguously Palestinian, and strives to raise the streamer of Allah over every inch of Palestine Article 7 describes Hamas as one of the links in the concatenation of the battle against the Zionist encroachers and links the motion to the followings of the spiritual and nationalist hero Izz ad-Din al-Qassam. Article 8 The Hamas papers reiterates the Muslim Brotherhood s motto of Allah is its end, the Prophet is the theoretical account, the Quran its fundamental law, jihad its way, and decease for the interest of Allah its most empyreal belief. Article 9 adapts Muslim Brotherhood s vision to link the Palestinian crisis with the Islamic solution and advocates contending against the false, get the better ofing it and beating it so that justness could predominate . Article 11 Palestine is sacred ( waqf ) for all Muslims for all clip, and it can non be relinquished by anyone. Article 12 affirms that Nationalism, from the point of position of the Islamic Resistance Movement, is portion of the spiritual credo. Article 13 There is no negotiated colony possible. Jihad is the lone reply. Article 14 The release of Palestine is the personal responsibility of every Palestinian. Article 15 The Palestinian job is an Arab-Islamic cause, and Hamas deplore the PLO s secular patriotism as a going from the Arab and Muslim universes. Article 20 Calls for action by the people as a individual organic structure against a barbarous enemy which acts in a manner similar to Nazism, doing no distinction between adult male and adult female, between kids and old people . Article 22 Makes sweeping claims about Judaic influence and power reminiscent of the ill-famed Czarist counterfeit Protocols of the Elders of Sion Article 28 Conspiracy indictment against Israel, Judaism and Jews .Article 32 Hamas condemns as co-plotters the imperialistic powers . References The Protocols of the Elders of Zion. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas_Covenant The sum of hardcore member in Hamas is unknown, but understanding the beliefs of Hamas will assist to understand why many people would fall in and offer support. The country in which Hamas operates is Israel and Jordan. Many of the support that Hamas acquire comes from Palestinian exiles, Iran, and private helpers in Saudi Arabia and other moderate Arab provinces. There besides fund-raising and propaganda activity take topographic point in Western Europe and North America. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/rpt/fto/2801.htm It is estimated Hamas s one-year budget is around $ 70 million. The largest angel of Hamas is Saudi Arabia, with over 50 % of its financess coming from that state, chiefly through Islamic charity organisations and another estimated $ 50 million one-year budget, largely supplied by private charitable associations but with $ 12 million supplied straight by Gulf States, chiefly Saudi Arabia, and another $ 3 million from Iran. The support by Saudi Arabia continues despite Saudi pledges to halt support groups such as Hamas that have used force. The US State Department believes that Hamas is funded by Iran, Palestinian expatriates, and private helpers in Saudi Arabia and other Arab provinces. However, on the BBC Today Program senior British diplomat and former Ambassador to the UN Sir Jeremy Greenstock stated in an interview Hamas is non politically tied to Iran. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas Muslims charities in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe funnel money into Hamas backed societal service groups. In December 2001, the Bush disposal seized the assets of the Holy Land Foundation, the largest Muslim charity in the United States, on intuitions it was funding Hamas. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cfr.org/publication/8968/hamas.html The largest angel of Hamas is Saudi Arabia, with over 50 % of its financess coming from that state, chiefly through Islamic charity organisations and another estimated $ 50 million one-year budget, largely supplied by private charitable associations but with $ 12 million supplied straight by Gulf States, chiefly Saudi Arabia, and another $ 3 million from Iran. The support by Saudi Arabia continues despite Saudi pledges to halt support groups such as Hamas that have used force. The US State Department believes that Hamas is funded by Iran, Palestinian expatriates, and private helpers in Saudi Arabia and other Arab provinces. However, on the BBC Today Program senior British diplomat and former Ambassador to the UN Sir Jeremy Greenstock stated in an interview Hamas is non politically tied to Iran. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cfr.org/publication/8968/hamas.html Hamas s military wing known as the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades is believed to hold more than one thousand active members and 1000s of protagonists and sympathisers. It is estimated that on March 22, 2004, more than two 100 thousand Palestinians marched in Yassin s funeral. Then on April 18, 2004, a similar figure publically mourned the decease of Rantisi. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cfr.org/publication/8968/hamas.html By understanding Hamas America will be more capable of protecting itself and its Alliess. This is something that must be taken earnestly and with uninterrupted survey can diminish the menaces and causality America faces. Work Cited hypertext transfer protocol: //www.babnet.net/en_detail-1876.asp hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Hamas hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cfr.org/publication/8968/hamas.html hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas_Covenant hypertext transfer protocol: //avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/hamas.asp hypertext transfer protocol: //www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/rpt/fto/2801.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin

Groups Protecting Civil Rights and Civil Liberties

Groups Protecting Civil Rights and Civil Liberties These prominent nonprofit groups work for various civil liberties related causes, ranging from free speech to the rights of the elderly. American Association of People with Disabilities In 1995, over 500 disabled Americans assembled in Washington, D.C. to create a new nonprofit organization- the American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD). The AAPD works for the rights of the disabled and supports enforcement of existing legislation, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. AARP Since 1958, AARP has lobbied for the rights of aging Americans- both those who are retired and those who still serve in the workforce. Once known as the American Association for Retired Persons, the AARPs mission covers more than just those who are retired and the full name is no longer used. With over 35 million members, the AARP is one of the largest nonprofit organizations in the country. American Civil Liberties Union The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) was founded in 1920 to respond to repressive government measures taken in the wake of World War I. The ACLU has been the leading civil liberties organization for more than 80 years. Americans United for Separation of Church and State Originally founded in 1947 as Protestants United for Separation of Church and State, Americans United for Separation of Church and State (AU) now represents a coalition of religious and nonreligious Americans. The organization works to ensure that the government continues to respect the First Amendments establishment clause. Electronic Frontier Foundation Founded in 1990, the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) works specifically to ensure that civil liberties continue to be protected in the digital age. The EFF is particularly concerned with First Amendment free speech issues and is best known for organizing the blue ribbon campaign in response to the Communications Decency Act of 1995 (later declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court). NARAL Pro-Choice America The organization now known as NARAL Pro-Choice America was originally founded in 1969 as the National Association for the Repeal of Abortion Laws. NARAL dropped its old name in the wake of the Supreme Courts landmark Roe v. Wade ruling of 1973, that repealed abortion laws. It is now a prominent lobbying group working to preserve a womans right to choose, as well as to support other planned parenthood options, such as access to birth control pills and emergency contraception. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), founded in 1909, advocates for the rights of African Americans and other racial minority groups. It was the NAACP that brought Brown v. Board of Education, the case that ended state-mandated public school segregation in the United States, to the U.S. Supreme Court. National Council of La Raza Founded in 1968, the National Council of La Raza (NCLR) defends Hispanic Americans against discrimination, supports anti-poverty initiatives, and works for humane immigration reform. Although the phrase La Raza (or the race) is often used specifically to refer to those of Mexican ancestry, the NCLR is an advocacy group for all Americans of Latina/o ancestry. National Gay and Lesbian Task Force Founded in 1973, the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force is the nations oldest support and advocacy group for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender Americans. In addition to supporting legislation granting equal protection to same-sex couples, the Task Force has recently begun a Transgender Civil Rights Project aimed at ending discrimination on the basis of gender identity. National Organization for Women With over 500,000 members, the National Organization for Women (NOW) is generally regarded as the political voice of the womens liberation movement. Founded in 1966, it works to end discrimination based on gender, protect a womans  right to bodily autonomy and promote the overall status of women in the United States. National Rifle Association With 4.3 million members, the National Rifle Association (NRA) is the nations oldest and most influential gun rights organization. It promotes gun ownership and gun safety and supports an interpretation of the Second Amendment that affirms an individual right to bear arms.

Case study of Aetna 2000 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Of Aetna 2000 - Case Study Example been purchasing a new business, thus, expanding its range of operations, and in turn having a variety of services in the healthcare sector with its various health products. They also offer a range of financial products and services. The company, due to its acquisition of a number of businesses, operates internationally and even provides pension services. The company is considering reorganizing its structures so that the health services will be grouped as global health, and the financial services will be grouped as global financial. This will facilitate efficiency and cost effectiveness in the company due to the sharing of resources for both local and international operations, as well as the use of technology. Through this, quality will be achieved in the company’s operations. Due to the procedure of its operation and those of the newly purchased businesses, the company is facing so many legal issues, with the government finding out that it is operating against what is legally recommended for such operations. After acquisition of Well Point Inc. business, Aetna went into an agreement to purchase other businesses dealing in insurance products, yet the businesses were operating as non-profit ones yet Well Point is a profit making business. This means that Aetna did not expect to make any profits from the acquisition. The company was involved in the provision of managed health care services. It is provided that for any loss of life, such businesses will be liable, and with this being a law within the nation, the business was obliged to ensure that no loss occurs to their client so that they are not held liable. There has been an increase in the cost of health care in the nation with a very high percentage. This has affected the company because just like other companies in the organization, they are committed to enhancing a reduction of the cost for the benefit of their clients, which may results to a decline in profitability. There is increased competition from

Healthy College Cafeteria Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Healthy College Cafeteria - Assignment Example Eating healthy is made more difficult by the lack of available healthier foods in college canteens yet due to the economic restraints and busy lifestyles of students, the college canteen is often the main place that students eat. There is a responsibility from our educational institutions to focus on providing healthy , nutritious , reasonably priced foods that ensure that students have healthy eating options. In the UK, celebrity chef Jamie Oliver has become notorious for his scathing attacks on the food served in schools. A ten part TV series released in 2005 based in a school, exposed exactly the type of food that was being served (processed food that is high in sugar and fat) and the negative effects on health. His pioneering work has since continued, urging schools to use natural ingredients, local and organic produce and serve well balanced meals. He has also succeeded in getting councils to sponsor "a ten-year strategic plan and fund a long-term public campaign to get people back on to a proper diet and empower/persuade (and possibly scare, if needed) the public to make better choices." (My Manifesto) Awareness Raising; Any significant change in the food served in the college canteens should also go hand in hand with a college funded awareness raising project. This has taken place in a number of colleges already in the UK and US2 and could provide students with ideas, recipes and information about the nutritional and health values of the food that they eat. Consultation with the students; In making a shift to providing healthier foods for students it is important that they are consulted in order to ascertain what health foods would be popular. By running a consultation information can be gathered to help design the new menus. Skills gap; To provide healthy and nutritious food using natural ingredients can often mean that those working on the cafeteria need proper training in food production. Training should be offered to cafeteria staff and their wages should reflect the potential increase in work hours caused by preparing meals with fresh ingredients. Sourcing Organic Foods; Organic foods can appear to be more expensive but often when they are brought in bulk the price goes down significantly. Maybe joining up with other educational institutions in the area to make joint food orders with or looking for sponsorship for the college's healthy food project could ensure that prices stay affordable yet the quality goes up. Sourcing Local Foods; While the food might not be organic, buying food from local producers assures a number of things. It boosts the local economy, it is often cheaper for the buyer as the 'middle person' ( in this case the food distributor) is cut out. Regular orders and establishing a good relationship mean producers listen to their buyers and could in the future ( for example) reduce use of pesticides and fertilizers Sourcing Fair Trade Products; Fair trade products are often organic and produced by co-operatives therefore ensuring the best price for the farmer. By purchasing these products the college not only supports farmers in the developing world but also indirectly educates students about just and sustainable farming methods and food distribution. Environment; Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, As well as looking after our own

Effects On The Environment Essay Example for Free

Effects On The Environment Essay The human population is growing rapidly and is expected to continue to grow over the next 50 years, with that being said because of the growing population it means the earth and environment will have to grow/adapt with the ever growing population of humans. One part of adapting to the population will be to try and address the needs of humans such as food, energy and raw materials. It will be hard to keep continuing to get our food, energy and raw materials in the way we do now without possibly damaging the earths environment where it cannot be repaired; Pollution, deforestation, farming, over-fishing, and global warming will be the cause of the environment being damaged. Environmental Issues Recycling: recycling is not only about waste control; it is also part of the possible conservation of resources to repairing damage on the environment. Over the last few years there has been much talk about recycling and its impact however there is still a number of individuals who still do not know how recycling can help the environment. The earth has to work hard to produce and meet the needs of the growing population; people will need to work to preserve the resources the earth has in order to ensure that the environment as we know will still be around for future populations. One problem of recycling practices is the limited emphasis put on practicing concepts of salvage and reuse. This is a society that is actively progressive and without certain information or statistics to grab the attention of society then all the concepts and information provided will fall on deaf ears. It is important for the population to start embracing these concepts otherwise Earth will be uninhabitable in the future. The emphasis of recycling is not being talked about enough, and neither is an  alternative that is why earth’s ability for growth is being challenged by what many humans do on a daily basis. There are many ways in which humans can try to address many of the environmental issues. Forestry: stop cutting down trees or less of them, and those that have been cut down should be replaced with new planted ones. Fishing: ensuring that there is a limit of how much one can fish and catch this way the fish do not become extinct. Economic issues: there needs to be an improvement of human’s standards of living by trying to reduce carbon dioxide and any type of greenhouse gas emissions. Agriculture: Start producing high yielding crop of good quality without the use of chemicals and fertilizers. Energy: Try replacing non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuel with renewable sources like solar, water and wind generation for use of energy instead. Fossil fuels affect the environment in ways that many are not aware of because many do not know what fossil fuels are; Fossil fuels are- gasoline, oil, coal, or natural gas. Whenever these forms of fuel are used or burned the environment is polluted with gases that are emitted into the earth’s atmosphere which causes harm to it. These fuels are used to run cars, trucks, heat homes, business and power factories. The majority of air pollutants are usually results of fossil fuel either in the home, or from industries which use internal combustion engines, what happens when they are in use is the smoke releases tiny particles of carbon in the air, it sits suspended in the air and can reduce the light at ground level and deposits of smoke particles, soot and ash can float preventing light, because of the effects of these gases have it is important to try and find other ways to obtain fuel. Many humans believe that there is much that can be done and many are not doing, those who are trying to spread the word will confront the problem of sustainability and will try to propose ideas to do it. The idea of sustainability is the main topic with regards to the future of the environment and earth.

Abortion Is Wrong Essay -- Pro-Life, Argumentative Essay

Each person has their own view concerning abortion, but the majority of people have little knowledge about abortion. Abortion in teens is increasing every year, since morality concerns no longer seem to carry much weight with teens. There are many medical hazards associated with an abortion procedure. Americans feel that it is only the mother's choice whether or not to abort the fetus. The legalization of abortions occurred in 1973 after the Roe v. Wade case was won by Roe1 . Norma McCorrey, ?Jane Roe,? claimed to have been raped and filed a lawsuit against Dallas County District Attorney, Henry Wade, for not allowing Roe to get the abortion that she wanted (Radl 46). When the case went to trial on January 22, 1973 a seven to three vote allowed Roe to proceed with the abortion ( 46). Later, after the verdict, Roe stated that she was never raped and only wanted an abortion for her own convenience. On January 11,1973 Doe v. Bolton and Roe v. Wade cases ultimately stated, ?that an abortion, even when the unborn is seven, eight, or nine months old (after conception), can be performed for virtually any reason, including the mother?s emotional stress caused by her pregnancy as long as it is done by licensed physician,? (Beckwith and Geisler 49). Before 1973 the American Law Institute (ALI) held three conditions for legal abortions; rape or incest, fetus would be deformed, and women?s mental or physical health was in great danger (Radl 33). Webster?s Dictionary defines execution as, ?to put to death in accordance with a legally impose sentence,? which murder is defined as, ?to kill a person unlawfully with a malice,? (Bender and Leone 34). When people ignorantly say that abortion is murder that is an untrue statement because abortion is execution. No matter what people refer abortion to it as it is still killing a living human fetus. In Roe?s case the Supreme Court was blind to all aspects or moral limitations. About one million illegal abortions were performed in the United States in 1972 (174). The number of illegal abortion has increased to twelve million abortions a year. One woman changed history forever after a simple lie that she told just to save herself from having an unplanned child. If the law of 1959 still existed today with mandatory court cases for each abortion situation the teenagers and the women who do not desire ... ...ress, 1993. Molk, Yuda. Common Sense About Abortion: The Issue Dividing America. Washington D.C.: Common Sense Press, 1992. Mrela, Christopher K., Ph.D, Assistant Registrar of Vital Statistics. Abortion Surveillance Report: Arizona, 1984-1994. Phoenix: Arizona Department of Health Services, Public Health Services, Office of Health Planning, Evaluation and Statistics, Arizona Center for Health Statistics, 1995. Nathanson, Bernard N., M.D. The Hand of God:A Journey from Death to Life be the Abortion Doctor Who Changed His Mind. Washington D.C.: Regnery Publishing, Inc., 1996. Pollitt, Katha. ?Abortion in American History.? The Atlantic Monthly May 1997: 111-115. Radl, Shirley L. Over our Living Bodies; Preserving Choice in America. Dallas: Steve Davis Publishing, 1989. Reardon, David C. Aborted Women, Silent No More. Chicago: Loyola University Press, 1987. Roleff, Tamara L., ed. Abortion: Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, Inc., 1997. Simon, Stephanie. ?Rural Doctors Weigh RU-486.? Los Angeles Times 26 Nov. 2000: A12. The Holy Bible: King James Version. Salt Lake City: The Church of JESUS CHRIST of Latter-Day Saints, 1989.

Child Abuse and Neglect Essay

Crisis is a condition, which upsets the balance in the regular functioning of a person, family or a society in a destructive fashion and the situations can not be overcome through general problem solving resources. Crisis leads to a stressful situation, which is generally difficult to cope with, and needs proper and planned ways of intervention to be resolved. To understand crisis, a scenario can be discussed. In this case the person in crisis was a girl of 13 years of age belonging to an Indian tribal family. She worked for a family as domestic help. She was very thin and weak but extremely aggressive in nature. The person who identified her problem was the lady who employed her. The lady was a housewife from a well to do family. According to the lady, the girl started working at her place at the age of 11. She belonged to a local tribal family where girl child was not at all welcome. She had three younger sisters and a brother. Her parents were working as daily laborers. Her father spent all the hard earned money to the local wine shop and her mother found it extremely difficult to support the family with her meager income. She sent her eldest daughter to work and earn money for the family. Not only that, her father used to beat her and her mother regularly for money. The girl was extremely malnourished and neglected and was used as a money earning machine. Her employer tried to send her to a school but did not succeed as according to her family going to school was complete wastage of time. The problems of child labor, lack of education, gender bias, physical abuse, problem between parents all existed together in her life. This was not a typical case but a general picture in several poor backward class families in India. The situation is treated as a crisis because the solution of all these problems was beyond the capacity of the little girl. She was the victim of the situation of chronic crisis in her family and was unable to cope with the situation. It was evident from her aggressive nature, attraction towards bad company, eagerness to shun her family, physical injuries and weakness, etc. She was a victim of developmental crisis. Her parents unknowingly restricted the development of her physical and psychological health. Hailing from a poor tribal family only aggravated her situation. The social class she belonged to was not at all favorable to a girl child. They generally thought of them as family burden as the child was unable to earn for them and after growing up was going to support another family after marriage. Lack of knowledge and education made them treat school education as wastage of time and money. Being a child the girl could not speak her mind or was suppressed forcibly. Thus, she lacked education, was forced to work, losing her psychological balance and was growing to lead a cluttered and abusive life and may also become a problem for the society. Timely intervention at the time of crisis is the most important part in crisis intervention. In most of the cases of child abuse it is often too late before the society comes to know about the occurrence and can take any action to save the child or repair the damage. In this case as the event was of chronic crisis the intervention may start as soon as the crisis was identified. Here the child needed a support system either from family or outside. Her employer in this case could provide the support, which was lacking from her family. (â€Å"Crisis Intervention in Child Abuse and Neglect†) During crisis individuals generally experience some common feelings that can affect psychological balance and produce impact on assessment and treatment of the crisis. These kinds of feelings and their reflection in life should not be treated as mental illness. In such conditions people may show disorganized and confusing behavior where they forget important details or practice inappropriate actions which were helpful in the past. They tend to confuse fear and wishes with reality. To cope with such disorganization they tend to be involved in insignificant activities. Crisis laden people may become hostile or emotionally distant from any sort of intervention. Some people act impulsively without thinking about the consequences and lead to more complex situation. People may depend completely on the person trying to help them in time of crisis, like in this case the child can depend on her employer and expect her to fill the gap created by her parents. Identity crisis, lower self-perception, and withdrawal are also observed as common behaviors. (â€Å"Crisis Intervention in Child Abuse and Neglect†) To intervene to the crisis, the assessment of the situation is the key point. Every individual or family responds to certain situations differently. Still it is necessary to assess the risk of abuse in the given situation. To assess the crisis it is required to consider each member of the family individually as well as the part of the family. Listening to each member’s version of the crisis individually may help reach the root of the problem. Active and careful listening is the most important criterion of the crisis worker while assessing the crisis. Identifying the underlying problem and precipitating events, observing family interactions and conditions and determining the family needs carefully help assessing the risk to the family members accurately. The safety measures can be practiced accordingly especially for children. A few screening instruments may be helpful in this respect, namely, Child Abuse Potential Inventory, Child Maltreatment Interview Schedule, Family Assessment Form (FAF) and few Family Risk Scales. Training to use all such instruments can be very helpful for the crisis worker. Before terminating the service the crisis worker should be very sure that the risk factor has been removed completely and the child or other family members are totally safe. All family members should be involved in each and every step of crisis assessment and intervention. Non-judgmental and open-minded crisis worker helps the family best in crisis assessment and intervention. S/he must understand the social customs and family traditions and must convince the person or family in crisis that s/he came to listen to their problem and to help them in coping with the situation and not to accuse them. Lack of understanding or acceptance at either end may lead to more complicated circumstances. (Blakester) For successful crisis intervention the crisis worker first needs to understand the crisis thoroughly and needs to be competent enough to provide expert support to the victims. Crisis intervention is time limited. Therefore the crisis worker needs to set specific goals to make the intervention as a success. Like in the present case it was not possible to solve all the family problems, which were the root causes of the child’s crisis at a time. So the crisis worker should prioritize the problems to be solved. The worker can first try to make good rapport with the girl and the family of the girl and listen to the problems carefully. The family first needs to understand that their child is facing a crisis due to their behavior. This may help the girl as well as her family to accept his/ her intervention to solve the crisis. S/he can try to find out their actions to deal with the situation. The worker can try to find out the strength of the girl that can improve her self esteem and her needs which need to be taken care of. Her family’s potentials and requirement need also be assessed. The reasons behind the crisis can then be chalked out. Once the reasons are established, the worker can suggest alternative approaches which can motivate the child and her family to overcome the crisis. The crisis worker can then help them with the formulation of goals, objectives and actions based on their priorities. The actions must be achievable at first to increase the confidence of the family. To be successful the worker needs to be focused but at the same time compassionate and flexible to slight changes in goals. In this case, the family can first stop the physical abuse of the child. Then they can try to improve interpersonal relationship by listening to what the girl has to say. If possible they can help her with her needs and if not then try to make her see the reasons peacefully. They can spare her a little time for her education. Simultaneously, the girl’s father needs counseling to cope with his bad habit and be able to support his family. As the crisis worker finds the situation to improve s/he can reduce support slowly and observe the family if they can continue with their own. Follow up must always be done to motivate them to work positively. (â€Å"Crisis Intervention in Child Abuse and Neglect†) An event of successful crisis intervention in a child abuse case can be cited to conclude the discussion on a positive note. Windale in the New South Wales Lake Macquarie region of Australia was declared the most socially disadvantaged community of New South Wales in1999. All possible events of child abuse were present in the community. Percentage of child protection was only 1, the worst in New South Wales. (Blakester)Under these circumstances a community centre named Alcazar Centre was established there attached to the local primary school. The community centre initiated programs as below: †¢ parenting classes; †¢ the staged introduction of preschool-aged children to schools; †¢ joint exercise and sociability groups for isolated mothers; †¢ an Aboriginal health service and community nursing; †¢ the identification of talented youngsters and provision of academic extension opportunities; †¢ locally created scholarships and the Department of Housing’s relocation of some families to make schools more accessible; †¢ the involvement of fathers in making various contributions to the life of the school and a general increased involvement by parents in school life; †¢ a Shop Smart nutrition program; †¢ improved street lighting, enabling safe travel at night, and a Windale ‘welcome’ landmark, building community pride; and †¢ the sponsorship of school and sporting needs by local businesses With regular work on the above programs Windale Primary School became the model of schools as community centres across whole New South Wales. The Alcazar Centre was given an Award for Excellence by the Director General of the NSW Department of Education and Training. Windale community proved that prevention of child abuse is possible with case specific approach and almost insignificant steps can altogether make the difference. The child protection in Windale community was found to reach 25%, being the best in New South Wales in 2003. (Blakester) Works Cited 1) Blakester, Adam, â€Å"Practical child abuse and neglect prevention (Case Study 2)†, Child Abuse Prevention Newsletter, vol. 14 no. 2 Winter 2006, Australian Institute of Family Studies, National Child Protection Clearing House, ISSN 1447-0039 (Print); 1447-0047 (Online), 13 June 2008, < http://www. aifs. gov. au/nch/pubs/newsletters/nl2006/winter. html > 2) â€Å"Crisis Intervention in Child Abuse and Neglect†, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services Gentry, User Manual Series 1994, Circle Solutions, Inc. , McLean, VA, under subcontract No. S-105-89-1730 with Westover Consultants, Inc. , 12 June 2008,

How Students Can Improve Their Self-Discipline and Time Management Skills

IntroductionTime management, although its term may be a misnomer, is about managing your time with a focus on achievement: of doing and completing those things which you want to do and which need doing. (Adair, J., Thomas, N. 2004, p.4). A good time management strategy can be accompanied by a range of techniques in managing time when accomplishing a certain task or goals within a due date. There are many types of students around the world ranging from preschooler to full time studies to working adults, including myself, studying part time courses. Students tend to procrastinate and get distracted from focusing their work. Therefore, it is important for students to manage their time well and train their self-discipline since young to stay focus in their studies. In this essay, we will be focusing and applying suggestions outlined by Adair, John (1987) and Masterton, Alisa (1997) to discuss more on how students can improve their self-discipline and time management skills. John Adair â €“ Time ManagementOther than being organized or efficient, John Adair believes that time management should be goal-driven and results-oriented. There are ten principles of time management as outlined by John Adair as follows; Develop a sense of personal timeIt is important for us as a student to understand and analyses how to spend and improve the time available to us as the first step to change. Students can keep a record of their time spent such as daily time log and then review it after a few days. By doing this, it will help the students to understand how they have responded to various tasks at different times of the day and may adjust or improve accordingly to their needs. In fact, students will get a much better feeling such as the feeling of satisfaction for the way they spend their time.As mentioned in Adair, J., Thomas, N. (2004, p.9), students are to ensure the followings in order for them to improve the use of time:Your time is spent according to a clear idea of your priorities and main responsibilities.You isolate the unimportant and ruthlessly prune out unnecessary or unproductive activities.You combine any ‘free’ time (i.e. free from meetings or other people’s demands) to create meaningful and usable time of your own.Tasks are simplified where others would not be  adversely affected.You are not doing tasks which could be performed by others.An example of time log:Source: Adair, J., Thomas, N. (2004, p.8) Identifying long-term goalsIt may be worth for students to ponder and identifying their long-term goals as it provides them with a sense of purpose and direction to achieve. Any potential conflicts can also be recognized during this process. For instance: †¢What do we want to be in 3 or 5 years’ time?What strengths and weaknesses do we have?How can we improve?Walt Goodridge provides 5-steps approach which can be put into use for students to set up their goals:Step 1: Find your ‘Why’It is crucial to understand the reason when doing certain things.Step 2: Write your goals downThis motivates students to work for their goals.Step 3: Quantify your goalsStudents should avoid doubts or creating fuzzy goals. They should bespecific when setting out goals.Step 4: Break them downIt will be much easier and manageable for students, especially those who love to procrastinate, to accomplish their goals by breaking down them into smaller parts.Step 5: Develop a strategyStudents should prioritize their task by working out a plan to accomplish their desire goals.Make middle-term plansMiddle-term plans can be seen as operational plan which may help students to achieve their long term-goals by setting out: who? What? When? Where? How? And Why? Adair, J. has set out an acronym to set targets which are known as S.M.A.R.T.Specific – the target must be clear and unambiguousMeasurable – a concrete criteria is needed for measuring the progress in achieving the target Attainable  œ it emphasizes the importance of targets that are realistic and attainable Relevant – the target must be in alignment with other targets whether it is worthwhile or right time etc. Time bound – the target to be set within a time frame, for instance, a target date, to help students to focus their efforts in completing their task before the due date. Planning the dayAdair, J (2004) also emphasizes that the golden rule is to shape the plan an outline for each day by listing the various components. This can help students to categorize and prioritize in relation to the urgency and importance task accordingly. Students need to understand and distinguish ‘important’ and ‘urgent’ term accordingly. Important activities have a result which leads to the achievement of students goals while urgent activities require immediate attention which often associated with the achievement of someone else’s goals. Student may use below Time Management Matrix which is a useful tool to set their priorities.Time Management MatrixSource: Adair, J., Thomas, N. (2004, p.14) Students may face difficulties in juggling with so many responsibilities. Therefore, students should also include in their systems for identifying what must be done today, should be done today and what might be done today (Adair, J., Thomas, N. 2004, p.15) Make best use of your timeThere are certain times where students are more productive than other times. Therefore, it is a must to know which of the quality times students are mentally alert and consistent in performing their task. Breaks in between will also help students to work in concentrated burst. However, students should not take this opportunity to procrastinate in between. Organize office workStudents will need a convenient place to study that is free from distractions in order to be able to focus better. It is also prudent for students to avoid on spending so much time reading which can be easily forgotten.There fore, it is encouraged for students to follow the following steps:Step 1: Shape your environmentAs mentioned earlier, it is important to have a convenient environment to study. There are many things which can distract students from doing their work diligently. Therefore, students have to find ways to overcome these challenges and manage their self-discipline.Step 2: Establishing a daily routineIt would be much easier once the students have created a routine to manage their plans. This may thus help to avoid procrastination and improve self-discipline. Manage meetings effectivelyIt is encouraged for students to prepare well in advance before attending to any workshops or classes to enable them to have a clearer idea on the concepts that are relevant to that particular workshop and thus being able to contribute to the discussion. Delegate effectivelyIn students’ context, it may be a principle which is indirectly in relation to getting others to take some of their workload to en able them to have more time to study. For instance, a working student may request the boss to delegate some of the work responsibilities to someone else so that he/she can leave work at reasonable time to study at home. This may increase the opportunity for students to have more free time to study. Make use of committed timeStudents can make use of their available time more effectively to increase their achievement level. This can be done by doing productive activities to schedule alongside which have to be committed to other activities in their daily routines or during waiting time and travel time. For instance, student may use the opportunity of the long lunch break by reading through some of the lectures or articles. Manage your healthIt is vital for students to look after their energy and stamina levels as time management is about ensuring that they maximize their available time wisely. This is to ensure that students do not suffer any time deprivation through illness of mind or body. In other words, it is important for students to have a well-balanced life.Bad management in both time and stress can push either of them out of control. Students are therefore encouraged to keep themselves healthy and stress-free during their break times by doing certain activities which will helps to clear their mind.Alisa Masterton – Time ManagementOther than Adair’s (1987) list of ten principles for better time management, Alisa Masterton (1997) also outlines a similar list which may assist students as follows: PlanningPlanning helps student to have an overview of the needs to be done with given due date in order for them to accomplish or achieve certain task.PriortisingStudents tend to start prioritizing on tasks that appear urgent however are actually which are not the most important ones. Therefore, it is prudent for them to do things that are of equally important. No time wastingStudents should avoid doing things that are not important to prevent themselv es from wasting any unnecessary time.Learning to say no  Students must avoid from doing task or taking on tasks which does not fit them in. For instance, when they became too pre-occupied and stressed with their own workload, they may not be able to do things effectively.Controlling paperworkIt is important to be organized to avoid missing datelines, losing important things which may lead to waste of time in searching for missing items.The diary as a toolHaving a diary may help students to keep track of what needs to be done with the given due date in relation to the plan and priorities which has been set out.ConclusionFrom time to time, students may face problems in doing their task efficiently and effectively. The main challenges are procrastination and distraction or even having trapped of perfectionism which may hinder the chances to success and thus results in failure. Students who practice good time management skills is often that they are more productive, having more energy to achieve  their task or goals, feeling less stress, having the ability in getting more things done. Both Adair’s (1987) and Masterton’s (1997) time management techniques are helpful for students to manage their time well. Students can balance their time management strategy that works best to be more effectively, productive and thus improve their self-discipline.

The Killer Angeles essays

The Killer Angeles essays In the book The Killer Angeles, had great in depth detail about the civil war. And the turning point in the civil warm, Gettysburg. The site which claimed as many American lives as the whole Vietnam war put together. A war site that still is admired today. There were many great leaders in the battle of Gettysburg. One commander in the book that I admired was Joshua Chamberlain. He was a man that cared about his men. And was grateful of the men that severed in his command. He fought on the Union side. Another reason I have a lot of respect for Chamberlain is that he fought with his men during battle. For him to do that made his men fight harder for him. He had a lot of real emotions that his men could respect. He told the truth. He was a brave man that was well educated and had a good heart toward his men that fought with him. George Pickett was a man that I wasnt particularly found of. He wasnt a well strategic commander. He was a stubborn man that lead many men to their deaths. He had no battles in the civil war that could put him in the list of top commanders in history. The quote by Louie Amistead and Longstreet is stating how the civil war is a holy war. How ones beliefs go against anothers. How the war has more than moral belief. That this war is about what is their god given right. How no matter what you do killing people is not the answer. That war will not lead to no were in converting people into your beliefs and how to think. Now was the civil war a Holy War. It wasnt a war about religion and what religion is right. It was a war that was about preserving the Union. In some eyes it was a Holy War . The war was based on a one belief system against another belief system. But the civil war was more of a political war. The role of slavery in this book wasnt much of an issue. Although the south would say they wouldnt fight for any blacks. But the north w ...

5 Tips About Freelance Work

5 Tips About Freelance Work 5 Tips About Freelance Work 5 Tips About Freelance Work By Mark Nichol Self-employment is not for everyone, but many publishing professionals thrive, or at least survive, in a freelance capacity. Before you decide whether to join them, however, keep these factors in mind: You probably won’t get rich from freelance writing or editing, but the qualitative rewards are manifest. Self-employed editorial professionals are hereby excused from useless, time-wasting, poorly run meetings. (Freelancers sometimes need to attend in-person or online meetings as part of a project they’ve been hired for, but such gatherings tend to be more efficient than the average company or department to-do.) Freelancers also are fortunate enough to be able to avoid demoralizing company policies, depressing workplace ambience, petty office politics, inept managers, and annoying colleagues. Then there’s that whole commuting thing and no traffic reports (unless you want to tune in just for the sake of nostalgia). When you work at home, you also get to choose what kind of clothes you wear or whether you wear anything at all. But self-employment is a challenge, especially for those who do not have a strong aptitude for business management after all, you, as a freelancer, are running a business. Therefore, you have no one but yourself (unless you hire someone) to manage your finances or your marketing. Each year, if you’re a US citizen, you must submit a profit-or-loss statement and figure (and pay) a self-employment tax, and you should always be working on getting your next project while you’re completing your current one. Furthermore, your income will be variable. And if you’re paid a flat fee, false starts and dead-end ideas don’t earn you any money. Fiction writers, especially, have to put in seemingly endless hours in a gamble to earn a decent living in royalties and you’re nowhere near done even when the not-so-final draft of your manuscript is accepted. Still determined to go independent? Then follow my advice: 1. Find an anchor client. Your first priority is to enter into a relationship with a company that provides you with a steady source of work that provides you with enough income to get by. Everything else is just frosting on the cake, but bake the cake first. 2. Don’t be particular at first. Certainly, you should search your soul for what kind of content you’d like to work on. But when you’re starting out, accept any assignment that involves writing or editing words and, even though you should have a pay range in mind, be prepared to accept less compensation than is ideal. You can always ask for a â€Å"raise† later, and you can always increase your rate when you are engaged by new clients. 3. Be flexible about your rates. I’ve varied my hourly editing rate by up to $50, depending on the client. Online research will yield extensive information about the market rate for writing and editing in various media, in different industries, and so on. You may very well end up straddling two or more markets, and your pay rate may vary substantially. (Also, if you’re asked what rate you’ll accept, rather than offered one, propose a range with a $5-$10 differential starting at your minimum.) 4. Don’t give up your day job. Not right away, at any rate. Nights, weekends, summer vacations for educators these are the opportunities to wade into the freelance pool. Even if your steady job is making you mentally unsteady, stick it out until you have an anchor client. The transition period may exhaust you as you try to juggle full-time work, your personal life, and your efforts to start your own business, but you may be able to jettison your job sooner than you think. (Or you can work for a part-time salary and be self-employed, too.) 5. Keep it simple. You don’t need much in the way of infrastructure. You can probably get away without business cards. You don’t need a fancy-looking invoice template. Some self-employed people rent a small office or use an outbuilding as a way of separating their professional life from their personal one, but few of us can afford that luxury. Turning a spare room into an office, or using an existing study, or even setting aside part of a bedroom or a family room, is sufficient for most people. (But make sure others in your household know that when you’re on the clock, you’re off limits.) Remember, too, that self-employment will always be hard work but virtually any employment is a hard work, and being your own boss is its own reward. Note: The DWT Freelance Writing Course will re-open September, so stay tuned. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Beautiful and Ugly WordsOne Sheep, Two Sheep, One Fish, Two Fish . . .Passed vs Past

Security in computing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Security in computing - Essay Example Some of the constraints can be lifted by designing a multimodal biometric structure. Multimodal biometric systems are those which make use of, or are proficient of operating, more than one behavioral or physiological representation for enrollment whichever in mode, identification or verification. Surrounded by the biometric traits, handwritten signature is measured to be the utmost commonly acknowledged biometric for the verification of identity. Researches informations in signature from a statistics synthesis view are drawn in this paper. We use signatures each day to make transactions with our credit card, contracts and documents, and to authenticate our checks. While economical foundations and other commercial establishments largely emphasis on the graphic presence of our signature for authentication resolutions, Recognition of Signature scrutinizes behavioral characteristics that manifest themselves when we sign our name. This article looks at how the technology of Signature Recognition and analyses its strong point and flaws. Biometrics degree an individual’s exceptional behavioral or physical characters to verify their self. Common bodily characters contain facial characteristics, iris hand, ear or palm geometry and retina or fingerprints. Behavioral traits consist of signature, keystroke pattern, voice and posture. Biometrics-based private certification schemes have grown intensive research curiosity due to the inconvenience and unreliability of legacy systems. While seeing for an appropriate biometric to be used in a certain application, the distinctive traits should hold the following assets: performance, constancy, collectability, individuality, acceptability and forge resistance. Due to the untrustworthiness and inconvenience of customary approaches, such as pin numbers, key cards, passwords and smart cards, the biometric documentation is more favored. Thus, biometrics is well-thought-out to be a confident and